Clock-rate Corollary to Newton’s Law of Inertia

A key characteristic of Newton’s First Law of Motion is that it satisfies the Law of Causality. It is pointed out that the same arguments that are the basis for the conclusion that the speed and direction of an object will not change in the absence of some unbalanced external force can be equally well applied to all other physical properties. For example, it must be expected that a clock in motion will maintain the same constant rate indefinitely under these conditions. It is thus clear that two such (inertial) clocks must have a constant ratio Q, which means that the time difference of any two events measured with these clocks must satisfy an analogous proportionality relation, i.e. Δt’ = Δt/Q. The space-time mixing characteristic exhibited by the Lorentz transformation (LT) stands in contradiction to this proportionality, therefore demonstrating that the LT violates the Law of Causality. The experiments carried out with circumnavigating atomic clocks demonstrate that the same proportionality relationship for elapsed times is satisfied quite generally and is used to good effect in the operation of the Global Positioning System. A consequence of the elapsed-time proportionality is the absolute simultaneity of events occurring anywhere in the universe. Analogous proportional relationships, referred to as uniform scaling, exist for all physical properties. Hence, there exists a Corollary to the Law of Inertia for properties that is applicable on a completely general basis.

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